Cialis and optic ischaemic neuropathy Patient Reports February 11, 2012
Cialis Side Effects Report #5215593-4
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED KINGDOM on Jan 12, 2007. Male patient, 73 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
, irritable bowel syndrome
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic atrophy, optic disc disorder, optic ischaemic neuropathy, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED. During the same period patient was treated with SPASMONAL. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5234657-2
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED KINGDOM on Jan 29, 2007. Male patient, 73 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
, irritable bowel syndrome
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic atrophy, optic disc disorder, optic ischaemic neuropathy, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED. During the same period patient was treated with SPASMONAL. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5141767-7
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED KINGDOM on Oct 13, 2006. Male patient, 73 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic atrophy, optic ischaemic neuropathy, optic nerve cupping, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED. During the same period patient was treated with SPASMONAL. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5463345-2
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from SOUTH AFRICA on Sept 06, 2007. Male patient, 72 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: eyelid irritation, nasal congestion, optic ischaemic neuropathy, vision blurred. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4816150-1
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Oct 10, 2005. Male patient, 72 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: eye irritation, eye pruritus, headache
, optic ischaemic neuropathy, papilloedema, photophobia. Cialis dosage: 10 MG. During the same period patient was treated with FLOMAX MR, GLUCOSAMINE SULPHATE. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4824053-1
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Oct 20, 2005. Male patient, 72 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: diplopia, erectile dysfunction
, eye irritation, eye pruritus, headache
, optic ischaemic neuropathy, photophobia, vision blurred, visual disturbance. Cialis dosage: 10 MG. During the same period patient was treated with FLOMAX MR, GLUCOSAMINE SULPHATE. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4848524-7
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Nov 21, 2005. Male patient, 72 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: eye irritation, eye pruritus, headache
, optic ischaemic neuropathy, photophobia, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: 10 MG, ORAL. During the same period patient was treated with GLUCOSAMINE SULPHATE, FLOMAX. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4791955-4
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from KENYA on Sept 16, 2005. Male patient, 71 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG/3 WEEK. During the same period patient was treated with LANTUS, NOVONORM, GLUCOPHAGE, PIOGLITAZONE, ENALAPRIL, ASPIRIN. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4806706-4
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from KENYA on Sept 28, 2005. Male patient, 71 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy, retinal artery occlusion. Cialis dosage: 20 MG/3 WEEK. During the same period patient was treated with LANTUS, NOVONORM, GLUCOPHAGE, PIOGLITAZONE, ENALAPRIL, ASPIRIN. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5493466-X
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Oct 10, 2007. Male patient, 67 years of age, weighting 170.0 lb, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: lipids increased, optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, OTHER. During the same period patient was treated with ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM, ASPIRIN, FOLATE. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4871491-7
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Dec 09, 2005. Male patient, 67 years of age, weighting 170.0 lb, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy, pupillary reflex impaired, vision blurred, visual acuity reduced, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, OTHER. During the same period patient was treated with ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM, ASPIRIN, FOLATE. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5243867-X
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on Feb 20, 2007. Male patient, 66 years of age, weighting 250.0 lb, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4918733-7
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on Jan 30, 2006. Male patient, 66 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: blood cholesterol increased, corneal abrasion, eye irritation, eye swelling, feeling abnormal, hypertension, optic atrophy, optic ischaemic neuropathy, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: 20 MG AS NEEDED. During the same period patient was treated with BUSPAR, WELLBUTRIN, ALLEGRA, MONTELEUKAST, NICOTINE POLACRILEX. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4935312-6
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on Feb 10, 2006. Male patient, 66 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: blood cholesterol increased, corneal abrasion, eye irritation, eye swelling, optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED. During the same period patient was treated with BUSPAR, WELLBUTRIN, ALLEGRA, MONTELUKAST, NICOTINE POLACRILEX. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5007332-7
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on May 01, 2006. Male patient, 62 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: cataract
, eye haemorrhage, intraocular pressure decreased, optic ischaemic neuropathy, papilloedema, pupillary reflex impaired. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED. During the same period patient was treated with SAW PALMETTO. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4950995-2
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from ARGENTINA on Feb 27, 2006. Male patient, 60 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: diabetic retinopathy, optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG AS NEEDED ORAL. During the same period patient was treated with ORAL ANTIDIABETICS. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4964478-7
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from ARGENTINA on Mar 16, 2006. Male patient, 60 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: eye pain, optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED, ORAL. During the same period patient was treated with GLYBURIDE, LOSARTAN POTASSIUM. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4979479-2
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from ARGENTINA on Mar 29, 2006. Male patient, 60 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: cardiovascular disorder, diabetic retinopathy, eye pain, optic ischaemic neuropathy, visual acuity reduced. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED, ORAL. During the same period patient was treated with GLIBENCLAMIDE, LOSARTAN POTASSIUM. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5496451-7
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Oct 10, 2007. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5569359-6
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from NEW ZEALAND on Dec 10, 2007. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5569364-X
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from NEW ZEALAND on Dec 10, 2007. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5629508-8
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from NEW ZEALAND on Dec 10, 2007. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5631958-0
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from NEW ZEALAND on Feb 12, 2008. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5662360-3
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from NEW ZEALAND on Dec 10, 2007. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5951770-2
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Nov 04, 2008. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy, upper respiratory tract infection. Cialis dosage: unknown. During the same period patient was treated with TRICOR, LOVAZA, ZOCOR, ZETIA, ASPIRIN. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5991203-3
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from BELGIUM on Dec 03, 2008. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #6026520-4
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from BELGIUM on Dec 23, 2008. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. During the same period patient was treated with AMARYL. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #6035861-6
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from BELGIUM on Jan 05, 2009. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolaemia and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. During the same period patient was treated with AMARYL, LIPITOR. Patient was hospitalized. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #6053129-9
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Jan 19, 2009. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4618322-8
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from on Mar 03, 2005. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: anxiety
, blood cholesterol increased, blood pressure increased, cyanopsia, optic ischaemic neuropathy, papilloedema, photopsia, pupillary disorder. Cialis dosage: 20 MG. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4618711-1
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from on Mar 09, 2005. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: dizziness
, haematocrit decreased, optic ischaemic neuropathy, platelet count increased, red blood cell sedimentation rate increased. Cialis dosage: 20 MG OTHER. During the same period patient was treated with BUPROPION. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4764243-X
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Aug 25, 2005. Male patient, 59 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: anaemia, c-reactive protein increased, dizziness
, eye oedema, optic disc disorder, optic ischaemic neuropathy, optic nerve sheath haemorrhage, platelet count increased, pupillary reflex impaired. Cialis dosage: 20 MG OTHER. During the same period patient was treated with BUPROPION. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4690219-7
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from on June 14, 2005. Male patient, 57 years of age, weighting 233.0 lb, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy, retinal vein occlusion, vision blurred. Cialis dosage: 20 MG PO PRN. During the same period patient was treated with LEXOPRO, ELAVIL. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5055599-1
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on June 26, 2006. Male patient, 55 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: blood pressure increased, optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, OTHER. During the same period patient was treated with ANDROGEL. Patient was hospitalized. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5020668-9
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on May 15, 2006. Male patient, 55 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, OTHER. During the same period patient was treated with ANDROGEL. Patient was hospitalized. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5030272-4
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on May 25, 2006. Male patient, 55 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, OTHER. During the same period patient was treated with ANDROGEL. Patient was hospitalized. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4703644-2
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from on June 14, 2005. Male patient, 54 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: eye disorder, hepatitis c
, optic ischaemic neuropathy, optic nerve cupping, papilloedema, vision blurred, visual acuity reduced, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: 10 MG. During the same period patient was treated with LISINOPRIL, RELAFEN, ZYRTEC, INTERFERON, RIBAVIRIN, REMERON, AMIODARONE. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4713738-3
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on June 24, 2005. Male patient, 54 years of age, was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: hepatitis c
, optic ischaemic neuropathy, optic neuritis. Cialis dosage: 10 MG. During the same period patient was treated with LISINOPRIL, RELAFEN, ZYRTEC, INTERFERON, RIBAVIRIN, REMERON, AMIODARONE. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5493467-1
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Oct 10, 2007. Male patient was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
, depression
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: dizziness
, haematocrit abnormal, optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, OTHER. During the same period patient was treated with BUPROPION. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5680170-8
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from CANADA on Mar 13, 2008. Male patient was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
, blood cholesterol, blood pressure
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. During the same period patient was treated with ASPIRIN, LIPITOR, ANTIHYPERTENSIVES. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5700371-X
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from CANADA on Apr 01, 2008. Male patient was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. During the same period patient was treated with ASPIRIN, ZOCOR, PRINIVIL. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #4980974-0
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Mar 27, 2006. Male patient was diagnosed with erectile dysfunction
and was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy, therapeutic response unexpected, vision blurred. Cialis dosage: 10 MG. During the same period patient was treated with LAMICTAL, TRILEPTAL. Patient recovered.Cialis Side Effects Report #5767286-2
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on June 03, 2008. Male patient, 73 years of age, was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, UNK. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #4618683-X
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from on Mar 09, 2005. Male patient, 67 years of age, was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: hyperaemia, optic ischaemic neuropathy, papilloedema. Cialis dosage: 20 MG OTHER. During the same period patient was treated with ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM, ASPIRIN, FOLATE. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5514604-6
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on Oct 31, 2007. Male patient, 64 years of age, was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: nasal congestion, optic ischaemic neuropathy, optic nerve cup/disc ratio decreased, optic nerve sheath haemorrhage, papilloedema, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, UNK. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5202313-2
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on Jan 02, 2007. Male patient, 61 years of age, was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5226818-3
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on Jan 02, 2007. Male patient, 61 years of age, was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5089555-4
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on Aug 03, 2006. Male patient, 61 years of age, was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #4662152-8
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from on Apr 27, 2005. Male patient, 56 years of age, weighting 176.4 lb, was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: eosinophil count increased, optic ischaemic neuropathy, optic nerve cup/disc ratio decreased, optic neuritis, papilloedema, pupillary reflex impaired, splinter haemorrhages, visual acuity reduced, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: unknown. During the same period patient was treated with CROMOLYN. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5140405-7
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from MEXICO on Oct 06, 2006. Male patient, 50 years of age, was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #4648956-6
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from on Apr 07, 2005. Male patient, 45 years of age, was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: eye haemorrhage, optic ischaemic neuropathy, optic neuritis, pupillary reflex impaired, splinter haemorrhages. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5395648-4
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from SOUTH AFRICA on July 12, 2007. Male patient was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: eyelid irritation, nasal congestion, optic ischaemic neuropathy, vision blurred. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5396161-0
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from SOUTH AFRICA on July 12, 2007. Male patient was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: eyelid irritation, nasal congestion, optic ischaemic neuropathy, vision blurred. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, AS NEEDED. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5653651-0
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on Feb 26, 2008. Male patient was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 20 MG, UNK. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5879518-0
Cialis side effect was reported by a Consumer or non-health professional from UNITED STATES on Sept 02, 2008. Male patient was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: 2.5 MG, UNK. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #5951060-8
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Nov 12, 2008. Female patient was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy, sudden visual loss, visual field defect. Cialis dosage: 5 TO 10 MG. Patient recovered.
Cialis Side Effects Report #6004379-9
Cialis side effect was reported by a Physician from UNITED STATES on Dec 10, 2008. Male patient was treated with Cialis. After drug was administered, patient experienced the following side effects: optic ischaemic neuropathy. Cialis dosage: unknown. Patient recovered.
Cialis and optic ischaemic neuropathy 